Timeline: How The Iraq Crisis Unfolded
Updated: 2:12pm UK, Tuesday 17 June 2014
A look back at the main events in the Iraq crisis, which has seen Sunni insurgents from the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS) terror group move to within 50 miles of the capital Baghdad.
December 2011: US troops complete their withdrawal after the 2003 invasion which led to the removal of Saddam Hussein.
August 2013: More than 70 people are killed in attacks at the end of Ramadan. ISIS claim responsibility.
January 2-4, 2014: ISIS declares itself in control of the western city of Fallujah and parts of Ramadi following clashes sparked by the clearing of a Sunni-Arab protest camp.
February: al Qaeda formally disowns ISIS, which was at one time an affiliate, because of its extreme methods.
April: Prime Minister Nouri al Maliki wins the most seats in a general election.
June 10: ISIS seizes all of Nineveh province in the north, including the capital Mosul - Iraq's second city. Mr Maliki asks parliament to declare a state of emergency.
June 11: The militants launch a wave of attacks further south, taking Tikrit and freeing hundreds of prisoners in Baiji. An assault on Samarra, 70 miles (110km) north of Baghdad, is repelled by security forces.
June 12: Iraq's air force strikes fighters' positions near Mosul and Tikrit.
US President Barack Obama says he is looking at "all the options" to help the government, which fails to secure authorisation for a state of emergency.
The army abandons its bases in Kirkuk, leaving Kurdish Peshmerga troops to take control.
June 13: A top Shia cleric issues a call to arms, telling the population to take up arms and defend their country.
Mr Maliki claims government forces have started to clear cities of "terrorists" and implements an emergency plan to protect Baghdad.
President Obama rules out sending back troops to fight ISIS.
The rebels move into the towns of Saadiyah and Jalawla in eastern province of Diyala.
June 14: Iran offers to work with the US to tackle the crisis, as Britain pledges an initial £3m in emergency aid to help refugees fleeing the violence.
The Iraqi army's fightback continues, with forces retaking the towns of Ishaqi, al-Mutasim and Duluiyah in Salaheddin province.
Troops also regain much of Tikrit, Saddam Hussein's home town.
US aircraft carrier USS George HW Bush is ordered to the Persian Gulf.
June 15: Photos emerge appearing to show an ISIS massacre of 1,700 captured government soldiers. Baghdad says number is exaggerated.
Reports say militants have overrun Tal Afar, the largest town in Nineveh province.
A bombing in central Baghdad leaves 15 people dead and dozens injured.
Former PM Tony Blair tells Sky News that critics who believe the violence is the result of the 2003 invasion are "profoundly mistaken".
June 16: Video footage purporting to show an ISIS fighter questioning and killing unarmed Iraqi soldiers draws condemnation.
ISIS takes control of Tal Afar and the al Adhim area of Diyala province.
US Secretary of State John Kerry says Washington is "open to discussions with Iran".
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